近日，江门市人民政府公布了江门市第十批市级非物质文化遗产代表性项目名录，恩平市2个项目榜上有名，分别是清湾炭焙红茶制作技艺和土法黑豆沙制作技艺。
清湾炭焙红茶制作技艺
恩平茶叶制作的历史悠久，据《恩平县志》等史籍记载，茶叶制作的历史可追溯，也有近200年，而清湾炭焙红茶制作技艺则是在茶叶制作的漫长历史中细分出来的。
清湾炭焙红茶制作技艺精细，善用地方资源，其制作技艺具有显著的地方特色，体现了中国茶文化“精工细作”的精髓，是60多万港澳台同胞和海外侨胞舌尖上的“乡味”，更是恩平人传承传统文化的承载物和传承方式。
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星湾野放红茶
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星湾蝉茶
据道光五年的《恩平县志》记载：“茶，出清湾者颇佳”。由此，我们大概可以知道，清道光年以前，清湾（地名，被包括于现在的七星坑原始次森林保护区之中）一带已有茶树的种植，因其得天独厚的自然条件，茶青的品质“颇佳”；另一方面，由于茶树的种植从而催生了清湾一带的制茶技艺，并且所制作茶叶的“色、香、味”俱佳，获得时人的好评。
清湾出产的茶叶主要是红茶和绿茶两大类，尤以炭焙红茶为优。炭焙红茶对木炭的选取要求严苛，松木、柏树、枫木等富含油脂的树木所烧的木炭不可用，以荔枝木烧成的炭块为最佳，并且制作时天气对茶叶的口感形成的影响也至关重要，以晴天为宜，最忌讳阴雨天、南风天等潮湿天气，可谓是“看天制茶”。
清湾炭焙红茶制作过程
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采茶
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菱凋
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揉捻
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堆放发酵
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发酵观察、闻香
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炒至少七成干
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点燃炉膛内的荔枝木炭
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炉膛木炭盖干净草木灰，以控制温度
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茶叶放置炭焙竹筐架在炉膛上开始烘焙
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成品茶叶出炉
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包装
随着时代的发展，茶叶的制作大多已被机械替代，但高端定制茶依然保留“匠人手作”的传统。
土法黑豆沙制作技艺
据《恩平县志》等史籍记载，恩平婚庆嫁娶“纳采行聘，用菓饼牲醴”，据恩平民俗专家的解释，这句话的大概意思是：婚嫁下聘礼时，用的是水果、甜饼、牲口（多指鸡、鹅等禽类）和酒，这里所说的“甜饼”，是用豆沙制成的，婚嫁用甜食，寓意生活甜蜜。由此可见，豆沙在人们日常生活中的使用由来已久。
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豆沙月饼
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甜饼
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豆沙包
土法黑豆沙制作属于油性豆沙的制作，是采用传统的制作方法、工具及材料进行制作的。土法制作出来的黑豆沙沙蓉细腻，甜香可口，油而不腻，香气浓郁。土法黑豆沙制作技艺主要有六大流程：选豆、浸豆、煮豆、磨豆、炒沙、成型。
土法黑豆沙制作过程
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选豆
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浸豆
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煮豆
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磨豆
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过滤豆浆
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豆蓉沥水
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炒豆沙，猪油起锅，放入沥干水分的豆蓉
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放入白砂糖、佐料及竹炭粉翻炒
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黑豆沙炒制完成
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盛放在瓦缸内自然冷却成型
随着时代的发展，豆沙的使用场景日渐广阔，豆沙的制作也逐渐机械化，传统手工制作豆沙的工艺日渐式微。土法黑豆沙制作是传统手作豆沙的细分技艺，再现了不同历史时期人们的生产生活方式，蕴藏着当地的文化基因、群体智慧和思想精髓，蕴含着深厚的地域文化元素和内涵，具有较高的地域文化传承价值。
来源：恩平市融媒体中心、恩平市文广旅体局
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